Tcl

Efficiently Process a Huge XML File

See more XML Examples

Demonstrates a technique for processing a huge XML file (can be any size, even many gigabytes).

Note: This example requires Chilkat v9.5.0.80 or greater.

Tcl

load ./chilkat.dll

set success 0

# This example shows a way to efficiently process a gigantic XML file -- one that may be too large
# to fit in memory.  
# 
# Two types of XML parsers exist: DOM parsers and SAX parsers.

# A DOM parser is a Document Object Model parser, where the entire XML is loaded into memory
# and the application has the luxury of interacting with the XML in a convenient, random-access
# way.  The Chilkat Xml class is a DOM parser.  Because the entire XML is loaded into memory,
# huge XML files (on the order of gigabytes) are usually not loadable for memory constraints.

# A SAX parser is such that the XML file is parsed as an input stream.  No DOM exists.  
# Using a SAX parser is generally less palatable than using a DOM parser, for many reasons.
# 
# The technique described here is a hybrid.  It streams the XML file as unstructured text
# to extract fragments that are individually treated as separate XML documents loaded into
# the Chilkat Xml parser.
# 
# For example, imagine your XML file is several GBs in size, but has a relatively simple structure, such as:
# 
# <Transactions>
#     <Transaction id="1">
#          ...
#     </Transaction>
#     <Transaction id="2">
#          ...
#     </Transaction>
#     <Transaction id="3">
#          ...
#     </Transaction>
# ...
# </Transactions>

# In the following code, each <Transaction ...> ... </Transaction>
# is extracted and loaded separately into an Xml object, where it can be manipulated
# independently.  The entire XML file is never entirely loaded into memory.

set fac [new_CkFileAccess]

set success [CkFileAccess_OpenForRead $fac "qa_data/xml/transactions.xml"]
if {$success == 0} then {
    puts [CkFileAccess_lastErrorText $fac]
    delete_CkFileAccess $fac
    exit
}

set xml [new_CkXml]

set sb [new_CkStringBuilder]

set firstIteration 1
set retval 1
set numTransactions 0

# The begin marker is "XML tag aware".  If the begin marker begins with "<"
# and ends with ">", then it is assumed to be an XML tag and it will also match
# substrings where the ">" can be a whitespace char.
set beginMarker "<Transaction>"
set endMarker "</Transaction>"

while {$retval == 1} {
    CkStringBuilder_Clear $sb
    # The retval can have the following values:
    # 0: No more fragments exist.
    # 1: Captured the next fragment.  The text from beginMarker to endMarker, including the markers, are returned in sb.
    # -1: Error.
    set retval [CkFileAccess_ReadNextFragment $fac $firstIteration $beginMarker $endMarker "utf-8" $sb]
    set firstIteration 0

    if {$retval == 1} then {
        set numTransactions [expr $numTransactions + 1]
        set success [CkXml_LoadSb $xml $sb 1]
        # Your application may now do what it needs with this particular XML fragment...
    }

}

if {$retval < 0} then {
    puts [CkFileAccess_lastErrorText $fac]
}

puts "numTransactions: $numTransactions"

delete_CkFileAccess $fac
delete_CkXml $xml
delete_CkStringBuilder $sb