C++

Convert utf-8 Text File to Windows-1252

Demonstrates how to convert a text file using the utf-8 byte representation to windows-1252. C++

#include <CkBinData.h>

void ChilkatSample(void)
    {
    bool success = false;

    //  Converts a file containing the following to windows-1252:

    //  <greetings>
    //      <message>Hello, world!</message>
    //      <message>¡Hola, mundo!</message>
    //      <message>Bonjour, le monde!</message>
    //      <message>Hallo, Welt!</message>
    //      <message>Olá, mundo!</message>
    //      <message>Привет, мир!</message>
    //      <message>你好，世界！</message>
    //      <message>こんにちは、世界！</message>
    //      <message>안녕하세요, 세계!</message>
    //      <message>😊🌍</message>
    //  </greetings>

    //  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    //  Note:
    //  Windows-1252 is an 8-bit single-byte encoding. It can only encode:
    //  
    //      The basic ASCII set (0x00–0x7F).
    //      Latin-1 Supplement (0xA0–0xFF), plus some extra printable characters (like curly quotes, €, etc.).
    //      In total: 256 possible code points, covering most Western European languages but nothing outside of Latin script.

    //  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    //  Characters in your XML that are representable
    //  
    //      Hello, world! ✅ (ASCII only)
    //      ¡Hola, mundo! ✅ (inverted exclamation mark U+00A1 is in Windows-1252)
    //      Bonjour, le monde! ✅
    //      Hallo, Welt! ✅
    //      Olá, mundo! ✅ (U+00E1 á and U+00F3 ó are in Windows-1252)

    //  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    //  Characters that break conversion
    //  
    //      Russian / Cyrillic: Привет, мир!
    //      → These are Cyrillic characters (U+041F … U+0440). Not representable in Windows-1252. Conversion would require replacement (e.g. with ? or XML character references).
    //      Chinese: 你好，世界！
    //      → CJK ideographs (U+4F60, U+597D, etc.). Not in Windows-1252.
    //      Japanese: こんにちは、世界！
    //      → Hiragana + CJK. Not in Windows-1252.
    //      Korean: 안녕하세요, 세계!
    //      → Hangul syllables. Not in Windows-1252.
    //      Emoji: 😊🌍
    //      → Unicode Supplementary Multilingual Plane (U+1F60A, U+1F30D). Windows-1252 cannot encode any emoji.

    CkBinData bd;

    //  Load the utf-8 bytes.
    success = bd.LoadFile("qa_data/xml/utf8test.xml");
    if (success == false) {
        std::cout << bd.lastErrorText() << "\r\n";
        return;
    }

    //  If allOrNone = true, then the conversion fails and the contents of the BinData
    //  are left unchanged if any char is unconvertable.

    //  If allOrNone = false, then non-convertable chars are discarded.
    bool allOrNone = false;
    const char *fromCharset = "utf-8";
    const char *toCharset = "windows-1252";
    success = bd.CharsetConvert(fromCharset,toCharset,allOrNone);

    //  The return value will be false if any utf-8 chars were discarded because of non-convertability.
    if (success == false) {
        std::cout << "Some utf-8 chars could not be converted to windows-1252" << "\r\n";
    }
    else {
        std::cout << "All utf-8 chars were converted to windows-1252" << "\r\n";
    }

    success = bd.WriteFile("c:/temp/qa_output/out.xml");

    //  The output file contains the following, where all non-convertable chars were discarded

    //  <greetings>
    //      <message>Hello, world!</message>
    //      <message>¡Hola, mundo!</message>
    //      <message>Bonjour, le monde!</message>
    //      <message>Hallo, Welt!</message>
    //      <message>Olá, mundo!</message>
    //      <message>, !</message>
    //      <message></message>
    //      <message></message>
    //      <message>, !</message>
    //      <message></message>
    //  </greetings>
    }