AutoIt

Convert utf-8 Text File to Windows-1252

Demonstrates how to convert a text file using the utf-8 byte representation to windows-1252. AutoIt

Local $bSuccess = False

; Converts a file containing the following to windows-1252:

; <greetings>
;     <message>Hello, world!</message>
;     <message>¡Hola, mundo!</message>
;     <message>Bonjour, le monde!</message>
;     <message>Hallo, Welt!</message>
;     <message>Olá, mundo!</message>
;     <message>Привет, мир!</message>
;     <message>你好，世界！</message>
;     <message>こんにちは、世界！</message>
;     <message>안녕하세요, 세계!</message>
;     <message>😊🌍</message>
; </greetings>

; --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Note:
; Windows-1252 is an 8-bit single-byte encoding. It can only encode:
; 
;     The basic ASCII set (0x00–0x7F).
;     Latin-1 Supplement (0xA0–0xFF), plus some extra printable characters (like curly quotes, €, etc.).
;     In total: 256 possible code points, covering most Western European languages but nothing outside of Latin script.

; --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Characters in your XML that are representable
; 
;     Hello, world! ✅ (ASCII only)
;     ¡Hola, mundo! ✅ (inverted exclamation mark U+00A1 is in Windows-1252)
;     Bonjour, le monde! ✅
;     Hallo, Welt! ✅
;     Olá, mundo! ✅ (U+00E1 á and U+00F3 ó are in Windows-1252)

; --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Characters that break conversion
; 
;     Russian / Cyrillic: Привет, мир!
;     → These are Cyrillic characters (U+041F … U+0440). Not representable in Windows-1252. Conversion would require replacement (e.g. with ? or XML character references).
;     Chinese: 你好，世界！
;     → CJK ideographs (U+4F60, U+597D, etc.). Not in Windows-1252.
;     Japanese: こんにちは、世界！
;     → Hiragana + CJK. Not in Windows-1252.
;     Korean: 안녕하세요, 세계!
;     → Hangul syllables. Not in Windows-1252.
;     Emoji: 😊🌍
;     → Unicode Supplementary Multilingual Plane (U+1F60A, U+1F30D). Windows-1252 cannot encode any emoji.

$oBd = ObjCreate("Chilkat.BinData")

; Load the utf-8 bytes.
$bSuccess = $oBd.LoadFile("qa_data/xml/utf8test.xml")
If ($bSuccess = False) Then
    ConsoleWrite($oBd.LastErrorText & @CRLF)
    Exit
EndIf

; If allOrNone = True, then the conversion fails and the contents of the BinData
; are left unchanged if any char is unconvertable.

; If allOrNone = False, then non-convertable chars are discarded.
Local $bAllOrNone = False
Local $sFromCharset = "utf-8"
Local $sToCharset = "windows-1252"
$bSuccess = $oBd.CharsetConvert($sFromCharset,$sToCharset,$bAllOrNone)

; The return value will be False if any utf-8 chars were discarded because of non-convertability.
If ($bSuccess = False) Then
    ConsoleWrite("Some utf-8 chars could not be converted to windows-1252" & @CRLF)
Else
    ConsoleWrite("All utf-8 chars were converted to windows-1252" & @CRLF)
EndIf

$bSuccess = $oBd.WriteFile("c:/temp/qa_output/out.xml")

; The output file contains the following, where all non-convertable chars were discarded

; <greetings>
;     <message>Hello, world!</message>
;     <message>¡Hola, mundo!</message>
;     <message>Bonjour, le monde!</message>
;     <message>Hallo, Welt!</message>
;     <message>Olá, mundo!</message>
;     <message>, !</message>
;     <message></message>
;     <message></message>
;     <message>, !</message>
;     <message></message>
; </greetings>