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Objective-C

Azure OpenID Connect Step 2 -- Get id_token and Validate

See more OIDC Examples

After getting the endpoints by querying the Azure's OIDC well-known discovery document (OpenID Configuration document), we use the authorization_endpoint to get the id_token, and then validate it..

Chilkat Objective-C Downloads

Objective-C
#import <NSString.h>
#import <CkoHttpRequest.h>
#import <CkoPrng.h>
#import <CkoStringBuilder.h>
#import <CkoSocket.h>
#import <CkoTask.h>
#import <CkoOAuth2.h>
#import <CkoHashtable.h>
#import <CkoJwt.h>
#import <CkoJsonObject.h>
#import <CkoHttp.h>
#import <CkoPublicKey.h>

BOOL success = NO;

//  This example requires the Chilkat API to have been previously unlocked.
//  See Global Unlock Sample for sample code.

//  In our previous example (Azure Fetch OpenID Connect metadata document) we fetched
//  the OpenID configuration document which is JSON which contains an entry for authorization_endpoint.

NSString *authorization_endpoint = @"https://login.microsoftonline.com/{tenant}/oauth2/v2.0/authorize";

//  The OpenID Connect metadata document also contained a jwks_uri entry.  This is the JSON Web Key Set (JWKS),
//  which is a set of keys containing the public keys used to verify any JSON Web Token (JWT) (in this case the id_token)
//  issued by the authorization server and signed using the RS256 signing algorithm. 
NSString *jwks_uri = @"https://login.microsoftonline.com/{tenant}/discovery/v2.0/keys";

//  We're going to send the following GET request, but it will be sent through an interactive web browser (not by Chilkat).
//  The following code will form the URL that is to be programmatically loaded and sent in a browser.

//  GET https://login.microsoftonline.com/{tenant}/oauth2/v2.0/authorize?
//  client_id=6731de76-14a6-49ae-97bc-6eba6914391e
//  &response_type=id_token
//  &redirect_uri=http%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%2Fmyapp%2F
//  &response_mode=form_post
//  &scope=openid
//  &state=12345
//  &nonce=678910

//  Use this object to set params and then get the URL-encoded query params string 
CkoHttpRequest *req = [[CkoHttpRequest alloc] init];
[req AddParam: @"client_id" value: @"{client_id}"];
[req AddParam: @"response_type" value: @"id_token"];
[req AddParam: @"redirect_uri" value: @"http://localhost:3017/"];
[req AddParam: @"response_mode" value: @"form_post"];
[req AddParam: @"scope" value: @"openid"];
CkoPrng *prng = [[CkoPrng alloc] init];
[req AddParam: @"state" value: [prng GenRandom: [NSNumber numberWithInt: 3] encoding: @"decimal"]];
[req AddParam: @"nonce" value: [prng GenRandom: [NSNumber numberWithInt: 4] encoding: @"decimal"]];

NSString *encodedParams = [req GetUrlEncodedParams];
NSLog(@"%@",encodedParams);

//  Sample URL encoded params:
//  client_id=6731de76-14a6-49ae-97bc-6eba6914391e&redirect_uri=http%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%3A3017%2F&response_mode=form_post&scope=openid&state=3572902&nonce=57352474

//  This is the URL to be programmatically loaded and sent in an interactive web browser..
CkoStringBuilder *sbUrl = [[CkoStringBuilder alloc] init];
[sbUrl Append: authorization_endpoint];
[sbUrl Append: @"?"];
[sbUrl Append: encodedParams];
NSString *url = [sbUrl GetAsString];

//  Before we launch the browser with the contents of sbUrl, create a socket to listen for the eventual callback..

CkoSocket *listenSock = [[CkoSocket alloc] init];

//  This is the connection received from the browser.
CkoSocket *browserSock = [[CkoSocket alloc] init];

//  Listen at the port indicated by the redirect_uri above.
int backLog = 5;
success = [listenSock BindAndListen: [NSNumber numberWithInt: 3017] backlog: [NSNumber numberWithInt: backLog]];
if (success == NO) {
    NSLog(@"%@",listenSock.LastErrorText);
    return;
}

//  Wait for the browser's connection in a background thread.
//  (We'll send load the URL into the browser following this..)
//  Wait a max of 60 seconds before giving up.
int maxWaitMs = 30000;
CkoTask *task = [listenSock AcceptNextAsync: [NSNumber numberWithInt: maxWaitMs] socket: browserSock];
[task Run];

//  -------------------------------------------------------------------
//  At this point, your application should load the URL in a browser.
CkoOAuth2 *oauth2 = [[CkoOAuth2 alloc] init];
success = [oauth2 LaunchBrowser: url];
if (success == NO) {
    NSLog(@"%@",oauth2.LastErrorText);
    return;
}

//  -------------------------------------------------------------------

//  Wait for the listenSock's task to complete.
success = [task Wait: [NSNumber numberWithInt: maxWaitMs]];
if (!success || ([task.StatusInt intValue] != 7) || (task.TaskSuccess != YES)) {
    if (!success) {
        //  The task.LastErrorText applies to the Wait method call.
        NSLog(@"%@",task.LastErrorText);
    }
    else {
        //  The ResultErrorText applies to the underlying task method call (i.e. the AcceptNextConnection)
        NSLog(@"%@",task.Status);
        NSLog(@"%@",task.ResultErrorText);
    }

    return;
}

//  If we get to this point, a connection on listenSock was accepted, and the redirected POST
//  is waiting to be read on the connected socket.
//  The POST we are going to read contains the following:

//  POST /myapp/ HTTP/1.1
//  Host: localhost
//  Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
//  
//  id_token=eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsIng1dCI6Ik1uQ19WWmNB...&state=12345

//  But first.. we no longer need the listen socket...
//  Stop listening on port 3017.
[listenSock Close: [NSNumber numberWithInt: 10]];

//  We're acting as a temporary web server to receive this one redirected HTTP request..
//  Read the start line of the request.. (i.e. the "POST /myapp/ HTTP/1.1")
NSString *startLine = [browserSock ReceiveUntilMatch: @"\r\n"];
if (browserSock.LastMethodSuccess == NO) {
    NSLog(@"%@",browserSock.LastErrorText);
    return;
}

//  Read the request header.
NSString *requestHeader = [browserSock ReceiveUntilMatch: @"\r\n\r\n"];
if (browserSock.LastMethodSuccess == NO) {
    NSLog(@"%@",browserSock.LastErrorText);
    return;
}

NSLog(@"%@",requestHeader);
NSLog(@"%@",@"----");

//  Read the body.
//  The body will contain "id_token= eyJ......"
CkoStringBuilder *sbRequestBody = [[CkoStringBuilder alloc] init];
success = [browserSock ReceiveSb: sbRequestBody];
if (success == NO) {
    NSLog(@"%@",browserSock.LastErrorText);
    return;
}

NSLog(@"%@",[sbRequestBody GetAsString]);

//  Given that we're acting as a web server, we must send a response..
//  We can now send our HTTP response.
CkoStringBuilder *sbResponseHtml = [[CkoStringBuilder alloc] init];
[sbResponseHtml Append: @"<html><body><p>Thank you!</b></body</html>"];

CkoStringBuilder *sbResponse = [[CkoStringBuilder alloc] init];
[sbResponse Append: @"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"];
[sbResponse Append: @"Content-Length: "];
[sbResponse AppendInt: sbResponseHtml.Length];
[sbResponse Append: @"\r\n"];
[sbResponse Append: @"Content-Type: text/html\r\n"];
[sbResponse Append: @"\r\n"];
[sbResponse AppendSb: sbResponseHtml];

[browserSock SendString: [sbResponse GetAsString]];
[browserSock Close: [NSNumber numberWithInt: 50]];

//  Get the id_token from the sbRequestBody that we just received.
//  (Remember, we're acting as the web server, thus we received the redirect request..)
CkoHashtable *hashTab = [[CkoHashtable alloc] init];
[hashTab AddQueryParams: [sbRequestBody GetAsString]];

//  See https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/develop/id-tokens#validating-an-id-token
//  for more information about ID tokens..
NSString *idToken = [hashTab LookupStr: @"id_token"];

CkoJwt *jwt = [[CkoJwt alloc] init];

//  Let's see if the time constraints, if any, are valid.
//  The above JWT was created on the afternoon of 16-May-2016, with an expiration of 1 hour.
//  If the current system time is before the "nbf" time, or after the "exp" time,
//  then IsTimeValid will return false/0.
//  Also, we'll allow a leeway of 60 seconds to account for any clock skew.
//  Note: If the token has no "nbf" or "exp" claim fields, then IsTimeValid is always true.
int leeway = 60;
BOOL bTimeValid = [jwt IsTimeValid: idToken leeway: [NSNumber numberWithInt: leeway]];
NSLog(@"%@%d",@"time constraints valid: ",bTimeValid);

//  Now let's recover the original claims JSON (the payload).
NSString *payload = [jwt GetPayload: idToken];
//  The payload will likely be in compact form:
NSLog(@"%@",payload);

//  We can format for human viewing by loading it into Chilkat's JSON object
//  and emit.
CkoJsonObject *json = [[CkoJsonObject alloc] init];
success = [json Load: payload];
json.EmitCompact = NO;
NSLog(@"%@",[json Emit]);

//  Sample output:

//  {
//    "aud": "f125d695-c50e-456e-a579-a486f06d1213",
//    "iss": "https://login.microsoftonline.com/6d8ddd66-68d1-43b0-af5c-e31b4b7dd5cd/v2.0",
//    "iat": 1626535322,
//    "nbf": 1626535322,
//    "exp": 1626539222,
//    "aio": "AWQAm/8TAAAAHQncmY0VvhgyMIhfleHX3DjsGfmlPM1CopkJ3mPnBUnCxrJ0ubruaACEhwGO7NsoHBhqFEzRzPxOq7MtuGVFsql+qJKZx8vQCszKYEPX9Wb3b5+d5KJTABHCIH48bTFd",
//    "idp": "https://sts.windows.net/9188040d-6c67-4c5b-b112-36a304b66dad/",
//    "nonce": "1519043321",
//    "rh": "0.ARgAZt2NbdFosEOvXOMbS33VzZXWJfEOxW5FpXmkhvBtEhMYALQ.",
//    "sub": "RMIZlHJ7hfsJmL8Qq3h6M0nPi4g-HEavnAFgxzaT2KM",
//    "tid": "6d8ddd66-68d1-43b0-af5c-e31b4b7dd5cd",
//    "uti": "-BXGHxvfREW-r9HI5NBiAA",
//    "ver": "2.0"
//  }

//  We can recover the original JOSE header in the same way:
NSString *joseHeader = [jwt GetHeader: idToken];
//  The payload will likely be in compact form:
NSLog(@"%@",joseHeader);

//  We can format for human viewing by loading it into Chilkat's JSON object
//  and emit.
CkoJsonObject *jsonJoseHeader = [[CkoJsonObject alloc] init];
success = [jsonJoseHeader Load: joseHeader];
jsonJoseHeader.EmitCompact = NO;
NSLog(@"%@",[jsonJoseHeader Emit]);

//  Sample output:

//  {
//    "typ": "JWT",
//    "alg": "RS256",
//    "kid": "nOo3ZDrODXEK1jKWhXslHR_KXEg"
//  }

//  Finally, we need to fetch the JSON Web Key Sets from the jwks_uri
//  and use it to verify the id_token's RSA signature.
CkoStringBuilder *sbJwks = [[CkoStringBuilder alloc] init];
CkoHttp *http = [[CkoHttp alloc] init];
success = [http QuickGetSb: jwks_uri sbContent: sbJwks];
if (success == NO) {
    NSLog(@"%@",http.LastErrorText);
    return;
}

CkoJsonObject *jwkset = [[CkoJsonObject alloc] init];
success = [jwkset LoadSb: sbJwks];
jwkset.EmitCompact = NO;
NSLog(@"%@",[jwkset Emit]);

//  A sample jwkset:

//  {
//    "keys": [
//      {
//        "kty": "RSA",
//        "use": "sig",
//        "kid": "nOo3ZDrODXEK1jKWhXslHR_KXEg",
//        "x5t": "nOo3ZDrODXEK1jKWhXslHR_KXEg",
//        "n": "oaLLT9hkcSj ... NVrZdUdTBQ",
//        "e": "AQAB",
//        "x5c": [
//          "MIIDBTC ... MRku44Dw7R"
//        ],
//        "issuer": "https://login.microsoftonline.com/6d8ddd66-68d1-43b0-af5c-e31b4b7dd5cd/v2.0"
//      },
//      {
//        "kty": "RSA",
//        "use": "sig",
//        "kid": "l3sQ-50cCH4xBVZLHTGwnSR7680",
//        "x5t": "l3sQ-50cCH4xBVZLHTGwnSR7680",
//        "n": "sfsXMXW ... AYkwb6xUQ",
//        "e": "AQAB",
//        "x5c": [
//          "MIIDBTCCA ... BWrh+/vJ"
//        ],
//        "issuer": "https://login.microsoftonline.com/6d8ddd66-68d1-43b0-af5c-e31b4b7dd5cd/v2.0"
//      },
//      {
//        "kty": "RSA",
//        "use": "sig",
//        "kid": "DqUu8gf-nAgcyjP3-SuplNAXAnc",
//        "x5t": "DqUu8gf-nAgcyjP3-SuplNAXAnc",
//        "n": "1n7-nWSL ... V3pFWhQ",
//        "e": "AQAB",
//        "x5c": [
//          "MIIC8TC ... 9pIcnkPQ=="
//        ],
//        "issuer": "https://login.microsoftonline.com/6d8ddd66-68d1-43b0-af5c-e31b4b7dd5cd/v2.0"
//      },
//      {
//        "kty": "RSA",
//        "use": "sig",
//        "kid": "OzZ5Dbmcso9Qzt2ModGmihg30Bo",
//        "x5t": "OzZ5Dbmcso9Qzt2ModGmihg30Bo",
//        "n": "01re9a2BU ... 5OzQ6Q",
//        "e": "AQAB",
//        "x5c": [
//          "MIIC8TC ... YmwJ6sDdRvQ=="
//        ],
//        "issuer": "https://login.microsoftonline.com/6d8ddd66-68d1-43b0-af5c-e31b4b7dd5cd/v2.0"
//      }
//    ]
//  }

//  We should have an RSA key with kid matching the kid from the joseHeader..
NSString *kid = [jsonJoseHeader StringOf: @"kid"];

//  Find the RSA key with the specified key id
CkoJsonObject *jwk = [jwkset FindRecord: @"keys" relPath: @"kid" value: kid caseSensitive: YES];
if (jwkset.LastMethodSuccess == NO) {
    NSLog(@"%@",@"Failed to find a matching RSA key in the JWK key set...");
    return;
}

BOOL verified;
CkoPublicKey *pubkey = [[CkoPublicKey alloc] init];

success = [pubkey LoadFromString: [jwk Emit]];
if (success == NO) {
    NSLog(@"%@",pubkey.LastErrorText);
    NSLog(@"%@",[jwk Emit]);
}
else {
    verified = [jwt VerifyJwtPk: idToken key: pubkey];
    NSLog(@"%@%d",@"Verified: ",verified);
}